PwC: Copper shortages may disrupt 32 percent of chip output by 2035

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PwC: Copper shortages may disrupt 32 percent of chip output by 2035

Anabelle Colaco
10 Jul 2025, 15:22 GMT+10 PwC: Copper shortages may disrupt 32 percent of chip output by 2035

Some 32 percent of global semiconductor production could face climate change-related copper supply disruptions by 2035, quadrupling from today’s levels, advisory firm PwC said
Chile, the world’s largest copper producer, is already grappling with water shortages that are slowing down production
The last global chip shortage, fueled by a pandemic-driven demand spike that coincided with factory shutdowns, crippled the automotive industry and halted production lines across other chip-dependent sectors

AMSTERDAM, Netherlands: Some 32 percent of global semiconductor production could face climate change-related copper supply disruptions by 2035, quadrupling from today’s levels, advisory firm PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) said in a report for business leaders on Tuesday.

Chile, the world’s largest copper producer, is already grappling with water shortages that are slowing down production. By 2035, most of the 17 countries supplying the chip industry will be at risk of drought, PwC said.

The last global chip shortage, fueled by a pandemic-driven demand spike that coincided with factory shutdowns, crippled the automotive industry and halted production lines across other chip-dependent sectors.

“It cost the U.S. economy a full percentage point in GDP growth and Germany 2.4 percent,” PwC project lead Glenn Burm said in the report, citing the U.S. Department of Commerce.

Copper miners from China, Australia, Peru, Brazil, the U.S., Democratic Republic of Congo, Mexico, Zambia, and Mongolia will also be affected, sparing none of the world’s chipmaking regions from risk, PwC said.

Copper is used to make the billions of tiny wires inside every chip’s circuit. Even if alternatives are being researched, there is currently no match for its price and performance.

The risk will only increase over time if innovation on materials does not adapt to climate change, and a more secure water supply is not developed in the affected countries, PwC said.

“Around half of every country’s copper supply is at risk by 2050 – no matter how fast the world reduces carbon emissions,” the report says.

Chile and Peru have taken steps to secure their water supply by increasing mining efficiency and building desalination plants. This is exemplary, PwC says, but it may not be a solution for countries without access to large bodies of seawater.

PwC estimates that 25 percent of Chile’s copper production is at risk of disruptions today, rising to 75 percent within a decade and to between 90 percent and 100 percent by 2050.

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