Country that Ukrain Has Treaty With
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Foreign relations of Ukraine
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This article is about the foreign relations of Ukraine. For a chronological list of diplomatic relations established, see List of diplomatic relations of Ukraine.
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Ukraine has formal relations with many nations and in recent decades has been establishing diplomatic relations with an expanding circle of nations. The foreign relations of Ukraine are guided by a number of key priorities outlined in the foreign policy of Ukraine.
Western relations
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Ukraine considers Euro-Atlantic integration its primary foreign policy objective, but in practice balances its relationship with Europe and the United States while attempting to sever its considerable ties to Russia. The European Union‘s Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA) with Ukraine went into force on March 1, 1998. The European Union (EU) has encouraged Ukraine to implement the PCA fully before discussions begin on an association agreement. The EU Common Strategy toward Ukraine, issued at the EU Summit in December 1999 in Helsinki, recognizes Ukraine’s long-term aspirations but does not discuss association.[1]
On January 31, 1992, Ukraine joined the then-Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (now the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe—OSCE), and on March 10, 1992, it became a member of the North Atlantic Cooperation Council. Ukraine also has a close relationship with NATO and has declared interest in eventual membership. It is the most active member of the Partnership for Peace (PfP). Former President Viktor Yushchenko indicated that he supports Ukraine joining the EU in the future. Plans for Ukrainian membership to NATO were shelved by Ukraine following the 2010 Ukrainian presidential election in which Viktor Yanukovych was elected President.[1]
Yanukovych opted to keep Ukraine a non-aligned state.[2] This materialized on June 3, 2010 when the Ukrainian parliament (Verkhovna Rada) excluded, with 226 votes, the goal of “integration into Euro-Atlantic security and NATO membership” from the country’s national security strategy giving the country a non-aligned status.[3][4] “European integration” has remained part of Ukraine’s national security strategy and co-operation with NATO was not excluded.[4]
Ukraine then considered relations with NATO as a partnership.[5][6] Ukraine and NATO continued to hold joint seminars and joint tactical and strategical exercises.[7][8] After February 2014’s Yanukovych ouster and the Russian annexation of Crimea, the nation has renewed its drive for NATO membership.[3] On 23 December 2014 the Verkhovna Rada abolished, with 303 votes, Ukraine’s non-aligned status.[3]
Bilateral security agreements
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In early 2024, following the 24 February 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, a number of allies of Ukraine signed long-term bilateral security treaties with Ukraine for many years to come (often a period of 10 years).[9] They resulted from a declaration by the G7 countries at a NATO Summit in Washington on 12 July 2023, concluding the establishment of a framework of bilateral security agreements of long-term military, materiel and economic support for Ukraine’s defence. [9] The bilateral agreements prioritised strengthening Ukrainian air defence systems, artillery, long-range strike capabilities, armour, and combat aviation to fend off Russian military aggression.[9]
- 12 January 2024: The United Kingdom signed a 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreement with Ukraine.[10]
- 16 February 2024: France and Germany signed 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreements with Ukraine.[11][12]
- 23 February 2024: Denmark signed a 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreement with Ukraine.[13]
- 24 February 2024: Canada and Italy signed 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreements with Ukraine.[14][15]
Since then, another 30 countries have announced that they were ready to sign such long-term bilateral security agreements with Ukraine as well and are currently negotiating to do so.[9] As of October 2024, parties negotiating long-term bilateral security agreements with Ukraine included Montenegro[16] and South Korea.[17] 28 countries as well as the European Union had already concluded bilateral security treaties with Ukraine.[18]
- 1 March 2024: The Netherlands signed a 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreement with Ukraine.[19][18]
- 3 April 2024: Finland signed a 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreement with Ukraine.[20]
- 11 April 2024: Latvia signed a 10-year bilateral security agreement with Ukraine.[21]
- 27 May 2024: Spain signed a 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreement with Ukraine.[22]
- 28 May 2024: Belgium and Portugal signed 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreements with Ukraine.[23][24]
- 31 May 2024: Sweden, Norway and Iceland signed 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreements with Ukraine.[25][26][27]
- 13 June 2024: The United States and Japan signed 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreements with Ukraine.[28][29]
- 27 June 2024: Estonia, Lithuania and the European Union signed 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreements with Ukraine.[30][31][32]
- 8 July 2024: Poland signed a 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreement with Ukraine.[33]
- 10 July 2024: Luxembourg signed a 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreement with Ukraine.[34]
- 11 July 2024: Romania signed a 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreement with Ukraine.[35]
- 18 July 2024: Czech Republic and Slovenia signed 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreements with Ukraine.[36][37]
- 4 September 2024: Ireland signed a 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreement with Ukraine.[38]
- 9 October 2024: Croatia signed a 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreement with Ukraine.[39]
- 17 October 2024: Greece signed a 10-year bilateral security and defense cooperation agreement with Ukraine, on the sidelines of the European Council in Brussels.[40]
- 27 November 2024: The caretaker government of Bulgaria approved a 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreement with Ukraine.[41] The signing of the agreement was however postponed until an unspecified date in 2025,[42][43][44] due to the largest Bulgarian party (GERB-SDS) only giving their approval for a subsequent (yet to be formed) regular government to sign it, while they rejected the request to give approval for a caretaker government to sign it.[45][46]
- 16 January 2025: United Kingdom signed a 100-year bilateral security cooperation agreement with Ukraine.[47]
- 21 January 2025: Albania signed a 10-year bilateral security cooperation agreement with Ukraine.[48]
